This study was undertaken in order to characterize the chemical properties of smokeless tobacco products (STPs) for sale in Canada. A comprehensive marketplace survey was carried out in 2007 and resulted in the collection of 32 brands. The sample set consisted of 15 brands described as either Long or Fine Cut, 7 Snuff, 6 Pouch, 2 Chewing and 2 brands of Plug tobacco. Each of these was analyzed, in triplicata, for nitrate, tobacco specific nitrosamines, ammonia, sodium propionate, sorbic acid, triacetin, humectants, benzo[a] pyrene, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Se and Hg using the mandated Health Canada methods. Nicotine, pH, moisture and 'free' nicotine were determined as described in the Federal Register Vol 64, No. 55 (1999). Average moisture content (%) was Long/Fine Cut, 53.3; Pouch, 43.2; Plug, 19.3; Snuff, 16.4 and Chewing, 6.5. Results for nicotine and (calculated 'free' nicotine) expressed as mg/g were: Plug, 10,1 (0.03); Chewing, 3.13 (1.96); Long/Fine Cut, 12.5 (2.64); Pouch, 12.9 (3.69); Snuff, 6.69 (6.41). Results for most other constituents fell into two groups; one designated as 'high' (H) made up of Pouch and Long/Fine Cut products and the second as 'low' (L) consisting of Chewing, Plug and Snuff tobaccos. Average moisture corrected values (H vs L) were: cadmium (ng/g), 951 vs. 353; nitrate (mg/g), 28.9 vs. 5.71; benzo[a]pyrene (ng/g), 53.5 vs. 15.9; ammonia (µg/g), 8332 vs. 594; NNN (ng/g), 4871 vs. 1303. By way of contrast, the average NNN content of Canadian cigarette filler was 612 ng/gm. In summary, STPs for sale in Canada are rather heterogeneous with wide range of constituent levels. 279,415 kg of STPs were sold in Canada in 2007.