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CORESTA Meeting, Agronomy/Phytopathology, Montreux,1997, AP19

Nitrogen uptake and Burley tobacco yield with conservation tillage

HOYT G.D.
North Carolina State University, Dept. of Soil Science, Fletcher, NC, USA
Maintaining soil productivity on land cropped to Burley tobacco requires management practices that conserve surface soil and retains high soil N availability. Various studies have been established to determine nitrogen accruement by Burley tobacco grown under conservation-tillage [strip-tillage (ST) and no-tillage (NT)], and conventional tillage (CT) culture and various winter covers used as residue with conservation tillage. In one experiment, tobacco biomass measurements throughout the growing season all showed similar plant weights, flowering % by time, leaf petiole nitrate-N, and total plant N uptake when ST was compared to CT. Only plant height 1 of 2 years was greater in ST than CT treatments. Soil inorganic N measurements from curing 4 weeks after sidedress had high and similar nitrate-N and ammonium-N in the 0-15 cm depth each year from each ST and CT treatment. Tobacco cured leaf yield and grade were not significantly different among tillage treatments (ST, NT, and CT) each of 3 years in another experiment. Winter cover crops used as residue significantly influenced tobacco yield with hairy vetch > fallow > rye residue. Burley tobacco conservation tillage management systems can produce yields and accrue plant N equal to conventional tillage.