For online quality monitor of a paper-making process, the models for predicting nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, chlorine ion and potassium ion in reconstituted tobacco were established by the application of acoustooptic tunable near-infrared spectroscopy (AOTF-NIR) combined with partial least squares (PLS). By integrating with statistical process control (SPC) theory, the major chemical components in reconstituted tobacco were monitored online by the established models. The results showed that the average relative deviations of the predicted values of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, chlorine ion and potassium ion were 2.10%, 2.03%, 2.48%, 2.91% and 2.01%, respectively. It was concluded that the method was practible for online monitoring of the major chemical components in reconstituted tobacco.