The deliveries of components in mainstream cigarette smoke determined under various atmospheric pressures are quite different, especially for tar and carbon monoxide. Multiple smoke analysis laboratories of China are located in high altitude areas, wherein atmospheric pressures are below 86 kPa, which results in lower detection results for tar and carbon monoxide. To modify the effect of atmospheric pressure on the detection results of tar and carbon monoxide in mainstream smoke, a new approach to modelling the relationship between the deliveries of mainstream smoke components and atmospheric pressure was developed based on the ventilation rate of cigarette. Cigarette samples with different tar deliveries (3-14 mg) were used to verify the accuracy of prediction models and satisfactory results were achieved. Results indicate that the filter ventilation rate of an unburned cigarette was inversely proportional to the square root of atmospheric pressure and the ventilation rate of cigarette paper was inversely proportional to atmospheric pressure. With the drop of atmospheric pressure, the ventilation rate of cigarettes increased gradually, which resulted in the lower detection results of tar and carbon monoxide deliveries. Taking cigarette ventilation rate as a variable, the effect of atmospheric pressure on the tar deliveries of cigarette samples with different tar deliveries could be reasonably interpreted. The prediction model was proved to be effective for revising the tar and carbon monoxide deliveries obtained under different atmospheric pressures. Comparing with the results determined under standard atmospheric pressure, the revised results obtained with the prediction model were lower for cigarettes with un-perforated tipping paper, while they were higher for cigarettes with the ventilation rate of above 60%. This work provided a reference for further investigating the mechanism of effect of atmospheric pressure on deliveries of components in mainstream cigarette smoke and establishing a precise model for cigarette burning.