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CORESTA Meeting, Agronomy/Phytopathology, Suzhou, 1999, AP01

The progress of tobacco research in China

FANG Yucheng
Hefei Institute of Economics and Technology, STMA, Hefei, Anhui, China
1. Study on the national regionalization of tobacco production (1982-1985)The whole country was divided into 7 districts and 27 subdistricts. 4 types of production regions were defined: most suitable, suitable, less suitable and unsuitable. Different treatments to the four regions were suggested. The result indicated that the provincial and national distribution of tobacco production has been adjusted and replanted.2. Study on the high quality-proper yield growing technique of flue-cured tobacco (1982-1985).16 units in 11 provinces took part in the project. The targets were: proper yield, 2250-2550 (northern) and 1875-2250 (southern) kg/ha, fertilization, N:P:K = 1:1:2, total nitrogen 52.5-82.5 (northern) and 82.5-112.5 (southern) kg/ha, population, 16500-19500 plants/ha, leaf weight > 6g, leaf nicotine>1.5%, sug:nic = 8-10, harmonious chemical composition and sufficient aroma. Nationwide mid-tests were extended on 15133 ha during 1984-1987.3. Sino-American cooperative research on the technique for high quality flue-cured tobacco production (1985-1988)The program was managed by CNTC, advised by Dr. T. C. Tso, technically directed by Dr. J. F. Chaplin and Dr. J. L. Jones. Technical practices were stressed on varieties, fertilization, topping height and maturity. As a result, the quality of flue-cured tobacco in China scaled new height. The appearance and quality in several areas were close to the world class levels.4. National development program on the techniques of high quality flue-cured tobacco (1988-1990). On the basis of the previous achievements, the CNTC directed the program by signing contract at each level with the provided targets. At the end of 1990, the target had been attained at national level.5. Investigation and study of the infectious diseases on tobacco in 16 provinces (autonomous regions) (1989-1991).68 infectious diseases were investigated. The pathogens of 62 diseases were identified. 11 kinds of diseases had been reported for the first time in China, among them 5 kinds were reported for the first time in the world. 15 major infectious diseases distributed in 11 to 16 provinces (autonomous regions). Also, a program on investigating tobacco pests was carried out in 1993, but yet not be summarized.6. The establishment of experimental or research centers (stations) (1994-1999)China tobacco breeding centers: Southern, Yunnan; Northern, Shandong.China tobacco agricultural experimental stations: Northeast, Heilongjiang; Southeast, Fujian; Central-south, Hunan; Burley tobacco, Hubei.National observing and forecasting network for tobacco disease and pest center at CNTC. Flue-cured tobacco physio-biochemical experimental base, Henan. Gene-transferred tobacco examination center, Heilongjiang.