Parasitic weeds are among the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide (Bouwmeester 2003). Among these, Orobanche sp. attacks tobacco in Europe, Asia and Africa. Due to adventitious transportation, Orobanche ramosa L. affects tobacco in Central America, and is a potential threat in the USA., South America and Australia. Within the framework of the CORESTA Integrated Pest Management Task Force, a literature review of the art of controlling parasitic weeds investigated the tobacco/ Orobanche sp. interaction, and related pathosystems as well. This indicates three main lines of research and development that could lead to controlling Orobanche sp. in tobacco: 1.Developing resistant cultivars by conventional breeding: in tobacco and the genus Nicotiana , there is some genetic variability for the interaction with Orobanche (Ternovskii 1965, Racovitza 1973, Reddy et al., 1976, Palakarcheva et al., 1987). Only one resistant cultivar has been proposed so far (Covarelli 2000), but other work is in progress (Cailleteau et al., 2006). 2.Pre-conditioning the root system of transplants either by triggering the establishment of symbiotic organisms or by applying compounds: field inoculation with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi has a protective effect against the parasitic weed Striga on Sorghum (Lendzemo et al., 2005). A recent discovery on the role of strigolactones, molecules that are required by Orobanche or Striga seed for germinating and detecting their host, sheds light on the possible underlying mechanism (Akiyama et al., 2005). Another strategy could rely upon the fact that certain amino acids cause physiological disorders of germinating Orobanche seeds, as observed in tomato/ Orobanche (Vuro et al., 2006). 3.Using trap or catch crops: they have a reasonable effect on reducing the Orobanche seed bank. Trap crops stimulate Orobanche germination but cannot be parasitized, whereas catch crops are hosts that must be destroyed before Orobanche shoots set seeds. Choice of the crop depends on the Orobanche species. Large differences exist among cultivars for their trapping or catching efficiency. Therefore, careful choice of the best cultivar, adapted to local conditions, is a key issue for success. Three other areas of research could lead to interesting methods, but the ease of application may be questioned: the first one is biological control, the second relates to inducing Orobanche seed suicide germination in soils with the use of germination stimulants compounds or preparations, the third relates to introducing herbicide resistance or other traits into tobacco cultivars by mutation or genetic modification. Most of these potential methods are alternatives to chemical control, and could be combined in an integrated strategy.