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  1. CORESTA Congress, Berlin, 2016, Smoke Science/Product Technology Groups, ST 04

    Reduction of harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes in adult smokers

    D’RUIZ C.D.(1); O’CONNELL G.(2); GRAFF D.W.(3)
    (1) Scientific Affairs Consultant, Fontem Ventures, B.V., Greensboro, NC, U.S.A.; (2) Fontem Ventures, B.V., Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (3) Celerion, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A.
    Changes in fifteen urine, blood, and exhaled breath biomarkers of exposure (BoE) to harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs), representing major classes of compounds reported by the FDA to be significant contributors to smoking-associated...