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TSRC, Tob. Sci. Res. Conf., 2010, 64, abstr. 18

Residual analysis of carbonyls in tobacco and tobacco products by HPLC

MEHTA S.K.; DHALEWADIKAR S.V.; RAJESH B.J.
ITC R&D Center, ITC Ltd, Peenya Industriel Area, Bangalore, India

Carbonyl compounds have been drawing more and more attention because some carbonyls have been proven to be carcinogenic or risk for human health. Tobacco leaves are important source of carbonyls. It is hypothesized that these carbonyls are formed from lipid and wax constituents in tobacco leaves. Although methods are available for the determination of carbonyls in cigarette smoke, however methods are not available for tobacco leaves. A simple method is developed for the quantitative determination of Carbonyls residues in tobacco and tobacco products. The method uses HPLC with Photo-diode Array (PDA) detector involves derivitization and ultra sonication for the rapid and complete extraction of carbonyl compounds from tobacco leaves. Tobacco leaves were minced and ultra sonicated in acidic 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH acidified with phosphoric acid) in acetonitrile for 2hrs and then holding for 30 min to allow for the complete reaction of aldehydes and ketones with DNPH and subsequent chromatographic separation on Lichrospher 100 RP- 18e(250mm x 4mm x 5 micron). A 20ul sample was injected into the HPLC system and analyzed by a ternary gradient mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.5 ml per minute and monitored at 365 nm. Mobile phase A -(30% Acetonitrile, 10 % THF and 1% IPA) in water, mobile phase B-(65% Acetonitrile,1% THFI% IPA) in water, mobile phase C - acetonitrile. Various parameters like concentration and derivitization of carbonyl with DNPH, sample extraction technique and extraction time were optimized. Quantification is based on external standard technique. The method has been validated by standard validation protocols i.e. limit of detection, limit of quantification, recovery, repeatability and reproducibility. Recoveries of 73% - 103.4 % were obtained with a linear regression coefficient of 0.9998 for the range of 0.022- 4.52 mg/Kg of selected 8 carbonyls. Tobacco samples of various grades were analyzed.