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Bull. Spec. CORESTA Congress, Manila, 1980, p. 56, A07, ISSN.0525-6240

Results of recent research relative to the tobacco sucker control by genetic means

BOLSUNOV I.
Tobacco Institute, Furstenfeld, Austria
It is suggested that the most economical way to solve the problem of sucker control is represented by the creation of tobacco cultivars with a very limited tendency to produce suckers. Several years of research carried out by the author on N. tabacum and N. rustica have been devoted to this problem. The results of the latest research are as follows : in tobacco, sucker growth belongs to the group of the most modified characters (non-heritable variations). The value of the variations coefficient of this property is very high and is nearest one of the characters which have the greatest variations, as for example, on the yield and the nicotine content. By making different crossings between several varieties, the author established that the F1 in most of the cases has an intermediate heredity. A semidominance was sometimes observed, and in certain cases, recessivity of the strong suckers. From a genetical point of view, the character of the suckers development depends on multiple factors (polygenic heredity). The reduced development of the suckers is associated with the following characters : slow growth, late growth, height of the plant, numerous leaves, limited development of the root system, reduced vitality, morphotype of the"Utopia"strain. The following methods are recommended for obtaining cultivars with a limited sucker growth :"distant hybridization,", utilization of the transgression phenomenon in the crossing, artificially-induced mutation, and hybridization with strains characterized by degenerated sucker. The following parents can be used : one-sucker type cultivars, those showing a degeneration of the inflorescence (Omega type), those showing an atrophy of the upper suckers, and finally, the new cultivars of the giant type as"Utopia".